<?xml version="1.0" ?> 
<!-- 
  File:     WrightCyclone-975C18CB1.xml
  Author:   Aero-Matic v 0.7
  Date:     16 March 2013
  Version:  2.02

  Inputs:
    name:           WrightCyclone-975C18CB1
    type:           piston
    power:          2800 hp
    augmented?      no
    injected?       no


  References :
  ==========
  - http://www.hars.com.au/fleet/constellation/facts.html :
  (VH-EAG : 1049-F, C-121C).

  445 l/h per engine : 24790 l, 3450 NM, 16.5 h maximum.

  - http://www.superconstellation.org/ :
  (N73544 : 1049F, C-121C).

  450 l/h (120 US gal/h) per engine : 6550 US gal, 3500 NM, 14 h without reserve.

  Note that 1 US gal = 3.75 l.

  - http://www.airliners.net/discussions/general_aviation/read.main/1738757/4/ :

  Max payload : 1049 1890 NM, 1049C 2510 NM.
  Max fuel : 1049C : 4760 NM.

  - http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/MainFrame?OpenFrameSet
  (FAA certificate, 6a5 - 14 may 1952) :

   Tanks 2 and 3 (inboard) : 790 gal each, 9480 lb.
         1 and 4 (middle) : 1555 gal each, 18660 lb.
         2a and 3a (outboard) : 565 gal each, 6780 lb.
         5 (center section) : 730 gal, 4380 lb.

   A total of 6550 US gal = 24563 l : note that is 1 US gal = 6 lb !
   This content is the same from model 1049-54 to 1049D-55 : from 1049G-82, there are additional tanks at wing tip. 

   - http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/MainFrame?OpenFrameSet
   (FAA certificate, E-270 - 28 december 1983) :

   Takeoff         : 2900 RPM, 54.0 inhg at sea level.
   Max. continuous : 2600 RPM, 47.5 inhg at sea level.
                   : 2600 RPM, 47.5 inhg at 10800 ft.

   Displacement : 3350 cu. in.
   Bore         : 6.125 in.
   Stroke       : 6.312 in.
   Compression  : 6.70.


--> 
<piston_engine name="Wright Cyclone 975C18CB1">

<!-- Range is adjusted with volumetric efficiency :

     - estimation of the 1049 range : 3580 NM = 4760 * 1890 / 2510.
     Which matches VH-EAG and N73544 with both the same content in US gal.

     - max speed is 220 kt at 20000 ft (cruise), 197 kt at 25000 ft (ceiling) : that is an average of 209 kt.
     Let's take 319 kt as average ground speed (tail wind 20 kt) : range is 3580 NM / 319 kt = 11 hours.

     For our model 1049-54, with 6550 US gallons, the consumption must be 6550 / 11 hours = 595 US gallons / hour,
     or 149 US gallons / hour per engine.

     For westerly front wind 10 kt (optimistic), average ground speed is 289 kt (optimistic), or 3580 / 289 = 12 h.
     And it can cross the Atlantic from the east (KJFK-EHAM 3156 NM direct), only with refueling at Gander or Shannon.


     Blower :
     - 12 PSI for 54.5 inhg max at 2900 RPM, sea level (low blower) : takeoff, full throttle.
     -  8 PSI for 46.0 inhg max at 2600 RPM, sea level (low blower).
     -  8 PSI for 46.0 inhg max at 2600 RPM, cruise (high blower).
     - should be adjusted manually by a lever (override).


     minmp is adjusted to avoid shutdown with idle throttle.
-->

   <minmp unit="INHG"> 12.0 </minmp>
   <maxmp unit="INHG"> 54.5 </maxmp>                                         <!-- aeromatic 30.0 -->
   <displacement unit="IN3"> 3350.00 </displacement>
   <bore unit="IN">6.125</bore>
   <stroke unit="IN">6.312</stroke>
   <compression-ratio>6.70</compression-ratio>
   <volumetric-efficiency>0.85</volumetric-efficiency>
   <maxhp>    2800.00 </maxhp>
   <cycles>      2.0 </cycles>
   <idlerpm>   700.0 </idlerpm>
   <maxrpm>   2900.00 </maxrpm>
   <maxthrottle> 1.0 </maxthrottle>
   <minthrottle> 0.1 </minthrottle>
   <sparkfaildrop>      0.0 </sparkfaildrop>
   <numboostspeeds>     2 </numboostspeeds>
   <boostoverride>      0 </boostoverride>
   <takeoffboost>      12 </takeoffboost>
   <ratedboost1>        8 </ratedboost1>
   <ratedpower1>     2400 </ratedpower1>
   <ratedrpm1>       2600 </ratedrpm1>
   <ratedaltitude1 >    0 </ratedaltitude1>
   <ratedboost2>        8 </ratedboost2>
   <ratedpower2>     2000 </ratedpower2>
   <ratedrpm2>       2600 </ratedrpm2>
   <ratedaltitude2> 10800 </ratedaltitude2>

</piston_engine> 
